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about

Old Church Slavonic

was the first Slavic literary language. It was originally written in the unique Glagolitic alphabet (see introduction). The language originally only allowed for open syllables. The pattern was, however, distorted already in the earliest texts when two vowels called the yers either merged with other vowels or were deleted along the lines of a rhythmic pattern (see sounds). As a result of two palatalizations, Old Church Slavonic shows massive morphophonemic alternations (see words). With seven cases, three numbers and a plethora of stems the inflectional morphology is highly complex. Since the oldest texts are translations from Greek, Old Church Slavonic syntax is heavily influenced. Deviations from the Greek original allow for glimpses into genuine Slavonic syntax (see structures).

Lecturers

Henning Andersen

UCLA

Thomas Olander

University of Copenhagen

introduction

OCS, intro, unit 1

CHU-INT-001

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49462

language and speakers: Slavic languages, dispersals, genealogical position, Old Church Slavonic

slides

OCS, intro, unit 2

CHU-INT-002

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49461

writing: scripts and manuscripts, background, text example, Glagolitic and Cyrillic scripts

slides

OCS, intro, unit 3

CHU-INT-003

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49460

sources: manuscripts and inscriptions, place of origin, genres (gospel texts, readings, psalters, prayers, edification)

slides

sounds

OCS, sounds, unit 1

CHU-PHO-001

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49459

phonology: phonemes, phoneme classes, phonotactic constraints, syllables, feet, p-words, clisis

slides

words

OCS, words, unit 1

CHU-MOR-001

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49452

stem formation: various devices, nominal derivation, nominal compounding, verbal derivation

slides

OCS, words, unit 2

CHU-MOR-002

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49458

declension: nominals, categories (gender, case, number, definiteness), declensions, endings

slides

OCS, words, unit 3

CHU-MOR-003

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49457

conjugation: various forms, present, imperative, aorist, imperfect, formation and syntax of aspect

slides

structures

OCS, structures, unit 1

CHU-STR-001

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49456

nominal structures: linearization, gender, number, case, referentiality (definiteness, partitivity), possession

slides

OCS, structures, unit 2

CHU-STR-002

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49455

adpositional structures (order, case, headedness) and predication (order, arguments, aspect, tense)

slides

OCS, structures, unit 3

CHU-STR-003

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49454

clause: structural properties, negation, modalities, clause combining (coordination, subordination)

slides

texts

OCS, texts, unit 1

CHU-TXT-001

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5446/49453

Text: Matthew 5.11, Codex Zographensis (Glagolitic script, c. 1000 AD)

slides

references

Lecturers' references

selection out of the lecturers’ references, enriched by Paulien Veenstra and project members:


general

general introductions, encyclopedias, literature, writing, history, miscellaneous


Greenberg, Marc L. 2017. Slavic. In Mate Kapović (ed.), The Indo-European Languages. 2nd edn. London: Routledge. 519–551.
Huntley, David. 1993. Old Church Slavonic. In Comrie, Bernard & Corbett, Greville G. (eds.), The Slavonic Languages. London: Routledge.
van Wijk, Nicolaas. 1931. Geschichte der altkirchenslavischen Sprache. Berlin: de Gruyter. 125-187.


grammar

grammars, treatments of major grammatical domains


Birnbaum, Henrik, & Schaeken, Jos. 1997. Das altkirchenslavische Wort. Munich: Sagner.
Diels, Paul. 1962. Altkirchenslavische Grammatik. 2nd edn. Heidelberg: Winter.
Gardiner, S. C. 2008. Old Church Slavonic: An Elementary Grammar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lunt, Horace G. 1974. Old Church Slavonic Grammar. 6th edn. The Hague: Mouton.
Nandris, Grigore & Auty, Robert. 1965. Handbook of Old Church Slavonic: Vol. I Grammar, Vol II Texts and Glossary. London: Athlone Press.
Trubetzkoy, Nikolai S. Altkirchenslavische Grammatik. 2nd edn. Graz: Böhlau.
Večerka, Radoslav. 1989–2003. Altkirchenslavische Syntax. 5 Vols. Freiburg i. Br.: Weiher.


lexicon

dictionaries, headword search tools, further sources of information about the lexicon


Havlová, Eva (ed.). 1989. Etymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského [Etymological Dictionary of Old Church Slavonic]. Prague: Academia.
Institute of Slavonic Studies of the Czech Academy of Sciences. 2020. Digital Old Church Slavonic Dictionary. GORAZD: The Old Church Slavonic Digital Hub. (Accessed 2021-06-29.)
Sadnik, Linda, & Aitzetmüller, Rudolf. 1955. Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten. Heidelberg: Winter.


text

text collections, corpora, treebanks


Gippert, Jost & Martinez, Javier & Korn, Agnes. TITUS TEXTUS (Text Database). TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien. (Accessed 2021-06-29.)
Lindstedt, Jouko & Halla-aho, Jussi & Sarsila, Juhani. 2011. Corpus Cyrillo-Methodianum Helsingiense: Corpus of Old Church Slavonic Texts. KIELIPANKKI: The Language Bank of Finland. (Accessed 2021-06-29.)

See also Old Church Slavonic Texts in the TOROT Treebank (ed. by Hanne Martine Eckhoff and Aleksandrs Berdicevskis.)


teaching material

coursebooks, exercises, materials or introductions supporting teaching


Krause, Todd B. & Slocum, Jonathan. 2003. Early Indo-European Online: Old Church Slavonic Online. University of Texas: Linguistics Research Centre. (Accessed 2021-06-29.)
Regier, Philip J. 1977. A Learner’s Guide to the Old Church Slavic Language: Grammar with Exercises. München: Otto Sagner.